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440.3R-04
Fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) materials have emerged as a practical material for producing reinforcing bars and laminates for concrete structures. FRP reinforcing bars and laminates offer advantages over steel reinforcement in that FRP is noncorrosive and nonconductive. FRP reinforcing bars, grids, and tendons are being used for nonprestressed and prestressed concrete structures. FRP laminates are being used as external reinforcement for strengthening of existing concrete and masonry structures. Due to differences in the physical and mechanical behavior of FRP materials compared to steel, unique test methods for FRP bars and laminates are required. This document provides model test methods for the short-term and long-term mechanical, thermo-mechanical, and durability testing of FRP bars and laminates. It is anticipated that these model test methods may be considered, modified, and adopted, either in whole or in part, by a U.S. national standards-writing agency such as ASTM International or AASHTO. The publication of these test methods by ACI Committee 440 is an effort to aid in this adoption. The recommended test methods are based on the knowledge gained from research results and literature worldwide. Many of the proposed test methods for reinforcing rods are based on those found in “Recommendation for Design and Construction of Concrete Structures using Continuous Fiber Reinforcing Materials” published in 1997 by the Japan Society for Civil Engineers (JSCE). The JSCE test methods have been modified extensively to add details and to adapt the test methods to U.S. practice.
polymers (FRP); modulus of elasticity; reinforced concrete; shear; splice; stirrup; strength; tendon. Contents: Part 1—General 1.1—Introduction 1.2—Scope 1.3—Existing ASTM test methods 1.4—Definitions 1.5—Notation Part 2—Test methods for FRP bars for concrete structures B.1—Test method for cross-sectional properties of FRP bars B.2—Test method for longitudinal tensile properties of FRP bars B.3—Test method for bond strength of FRP bars by pullout testing B.4—Test method for transverse shear strength of FRP bars B.5—Test method for strength of FRP bent bars and stirrups at bend locations B.6—Accelerated test method for alkali resistance of FRP bars B.7—Test method for tensile fatigue of FRP bars B.8—Test method for creep rupture of FRP bars B.9—Test method for long-term relaxation of FRP bars B.10—Test method for performance of anchorages of FRP bars B.11—Test method for tensile properties of deflected FRP bars B.12—Test method for determining the effect of corner radius on tensile strength of FRP bars Part 3—Test methods for FRP laminates for concrete and masonry L.1—Test method for direct tension pull-off test L.2—Test method for tension test of flat specimen L.3—Test method for overlap splice tension test References R.1—Guides and related standards R.2—Conference proceedings R.3—Individual papers, reports, and theses Appendix A—Anchor for testing FRP bars under monotonic, sustained, and cyclic tension,
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ACI
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