These methods of determination of average grain size in metallic materials are primarily measuring procedures and, because of their purely geometric basis, are independent of the metal or alloy concerned. In fact, the basic procedures may also be used for the estimation of average grain, crystal, or cell size in nonmetallic materials.

The comparison method may be used if the structure of the material approaches the appearance of one of the standard comparison charts. The intercept and planimetric methods are always applicable for determining average grain size.

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